Global Economic outlook
According to the OECD Economic Outlook report from September 2022, the global economic outlook has slowed down more than anticipated due to the war negative impact, the generalised tightening of monetary policy, driven by the greater-than-expected inflation targets and the China’s zero COVID-19 policy imposing lockdowns in its economy. The OECD is in favour of further policy rate increases in most of the countries to ensure that inflation pressures are reduced durably.
Main takeaways of the report:
- The world economy is slowing down more than anticipated: global growth is projected to remain subdued in the second half of 2022 leading to an annual growth of 2% before slowing further in 2023 to an annual growth of just 2.2% below the pace foreseen prior to the war.
- Inflation has become more widespread: More than half of the items in the price index show inflation above 4% in the United Kingdom, the United States and the euro area.
- Inflation will ease but will remain at high levels: OECD estimates that headline inflation will peak in the current quarter in most major economies, and to decline in the fourth quarter and throughout 2023 in most G20 countries. Even so, annual inflation in 2023 will remain well above central bank targets almost everywhere
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Según Ramón Casilda, “ya no se trata únicamente de capital español invirtiendo en América Latina, sino también de capital latinoamericano utilizando España como base europea”, reforzando un espacio económico transatlántico más equilibrado.
Según José Carlos Díez, Profesor de economía de la Universidad de Alcalá, los españoles accedemos a algunas de las hipotecas más baratas de Europa con tipos de interés inferiores al Euribor y a la deuda pública a largo plazo.
Según el IEE, España presenta una presión fiscal empresarial superior a la media de la Unión Europea tanto en porcentaje sobre la recaudación total como en porcentaje del PIB.
AEB, CECA y UNACC proponen medidas para aumentar la capacidad de financiación de la banca en más de 2 billones de euros en la eurozona, de los que más de 250.000 millones corresponderían a España, reforzando la inversión y la financiación de la economía.
Según Boston Consulting Group, la nueva regulación posterior a la crisis financiera global (GFC) reforzó la resiliencia del sector, pero institucionalizó un sesgo orientado a eliminar cualquier riesgo en detrimento del crecimiento económico.
Según Ramón Casilda el acuerdo UE Mercosur permitirá un ahorro arancelario de aproximadamente 4.000 millones de euros anuales, una cifra muy superior a lo esperado en los acuerdos con Canadá y Japón.
Según el economista José Carlos Diez, la banca española tiene un exceso de depósitos y liquidez disponible para atender la demanda de crédito de empresas y familias, y además lo hace con los tipos más bajos de Europa, según el BCE.
Según CEPS, la complejidad regulatoria y supervisora de la UE supone un freno estructural a la integración, inversión y profundidad del mercado, con costes que recaen especialmente en pequeñas empresas nuevos entrantes y modelos de negocio transfronterizos.
According to @IMF, the capacity of fiscal and monetary policy to mitigate financial stability risks is more limited today than it was during much of the past two decades, given high debt levels and inflation in many jurisdictions.
Según el BCE, un sistema de pagos eficiente, seguro e integrado reforzaría el papel internacional del euro y aportaría beneficios como menores costes de financiación, menor exposición a fluctuaciones cambiarias y mayor protección frente a sanciones.
According to Ramón Casilda, “it is no longer just a matter of Spanish capital investing in Latin America, but also of Latin American capital using Spain as a European base,” reinforcing a more balanced transatlantic economic space.
Según el IEA, uno de los debates clave en la UE sobre simplificación de la regulación financiera es si incluir explícitamente la competitividad, eficiencia o crecimiento como objetivos de las autoridades regulatorias, siguiendo el modelo del Reino Unido.
According to José Carlos Díez, Professor of Economics at the University of Alcalá, Spanish households have access to some of the cheapest mortgages in Europe, with interest rates below both Euribor and long-term government bond yields.
Según el Center for the Governance of Change de IE University, unos mercados financieros más profundos e integrados reforzarían el papel global del euro. Esto requiere, entre otros elementos, sistemas de pago resilientes e interoperables y completar la unión bancaria.
According to the IEE, Spain's business tax burden exceeds the European Union average, both as a share of total tax revenues and as a percentage of GDP.
AEB, CECA and UNACC propose measures to increase banks' lending capacity by more than €2 trillion in the euro area, including over €250 billion in Spain, providing additional resources to strengthen banks and finance new investment.
According to Boston Consulting Group, regulation brought in after the GFC strengthened the financial sector’s resilience but institutionalized bias towards removing all risk over economic growth.
According to Ramón Casilda, the EU–Mercosur agreement will generate annual tariff savings of around €4 billion, which is significantly higher than the savings expected under the agreements with Canada and Japan.
Economist José Carlos Díez notes that Spain’s banking sector has an excess of deposits and sufficient liquidity to meet the credit demand of companies and households, and does so at the lowest interest rates in Europe, according to the ECB.
According to CEPS, regulatory and supervisory complexity acts as a structural constraint on integration, investment and market depth, with costs that weigh most heavily on smaller institutions, new entrants and cross-border business models.
According to the ECB, an efficient, secure and integrated payment system would strengthen the international role of the euro and deliver benefits such as lower financing costs, reduced exposure to exchange rate fluctuations and greater protection against sanctions.
According to the IEA one key debate in the EU on financial regulation simplification is whether to explicitly include competitiveness, efficiency or contribution to growth as objectives of the regulatory agencies, following the UK example.
According to IE University’s Center for the Governance of Change, deeper and more integrated financial markets would strengthen the euro’s global role. This requires, among other elements, resilient and interoperable payment systems and completing the banking union.